Apocrypha

The Roman Catholic Church adds some of the Apocrypha to the Old Testament.

There is no evidence that the books of the Apocrypha were in the Septuagint as early as the time of Christ. The earliest manuscripts that contain them date back to the fourth century A.D. This does not demonstrate that the books of the Apocrypha were part of the Septuagint in pre-Christian times. Even if they were in the Septuagint at this early date, it is noteworthy that neither Christ nor the apostles ever quoted from them as they did with most of the Old Testament books. In addition, books were merely translated in Alexandria, Egypt - they were not canonized there.

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The books of the Apocrypha do not contain anything like predictive prophecy, or the firsthand testimony of miracles, that would give evidence of their divine authority. If God divinely inspired these books, then we should expect to see some internal evidence confirming it. But there is none.

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From the documents themselves we find no claim of authority. This is in contrast to the books of the Old Testament that claim to record the words that God spoke and the deeds that He performed among the people. Therefore it is not logical to attribute God's authority to the books of the Apocrypha when they themselves make no claim to divine authority.

-- Don Steward

Both the Jews and Protestants reject these books as Holy Scripture for the following reasons:

Book Reason for rejection
Baruch God hears the prayers of the dead (Baruch 3:4)
There are no consistent order or content of the manuscript copies of this book.
1 Maccabees Abraham was saved because he passed God's test (1 Maccabees 2:52). This contradicts Ephesians 2:8-9
2 Maccabees Doctrine of purgatory - a place of purging between heaven and hell (2 Maccabees 12:41-45). This contradicts Hebrews 9:27
Tobit A person is saved by "almsgiving" (Tobit 12:9; 14:11)
Historically inaccurate
Contradict itself
Wisdom Doctrine of pre-existence of souls (Wisdom 8:19-20)
The body is evil (Wisdom 9:15)
Doctrine of creation out of pre-existent matter (Wisdom 11:17) which contradicts Hebrews 11:3

The Jews, Protestants and the Roman Catholic Church rejected these Apocrypha:

Book Reason for rejection
Barnabas Referenced Enoch
Ecclesiasticus There are no consistent order or content of the manuscript copies of this book.
1 Enoch In 1 Enoch 71:14, Enoch himself was identified as "the Son of Man" or Christ which contradicts Jesus and the apostles. However, 1 Enoch was found among the Dead Sea Scrolls but separately from the other scrolls and Jude also quoted from 1 Enoch.
1 - 3 Enoch Enoch lived before the flood, but some belief that the book was only written 300 BC, thousands of years after Enoch's death.
The writing style changes numerous times (multiple authors?) within the same book, however the book claimed to be written by a single author.
The book was written in Ge'ez, but in Enoch's time the world was still in one language.
1 & 2 Esdras Excluded as holy scripture by the Septuagint, but included in the Latin Vulgate and even the first King James bible
2 Esdras Objects prayers to the dead (a practice of the Roman Catholic Church)
Limits the Old Testament to only 24 books
Judith There are no consistent order or content of the manuscript copies of this book.
Contains historical errors
Letter to Jeremiah There are no consistent order or content of the manuscript copies of this book.
3 Maccabees There are no consistent order or content of the manuscript copies of this book.
4 Maccabees There are no consistent order or content of the manuscript copies of this book.
Prayer of Manasseh Excluded by the Septuagint, but included in the Latin Vulgate and even the first King James bible. It's a repentance prayer of the most wicked king of Israel asking for forgiveness. Yet, we don't read in the bible that this had any effect on Israel which made some scholar question where the king really prayed this prayer.
Psalms of Solomon There are no consistent order or content of the manuscript copies of this book. It was written after Jerusalem were conquered by the Romans.