God
Identities
| The Father | The Son | The Spirit | Believers |
|---|---|---|---|
| "The Father" (Psalm 68:5; Matthew 23:9) | "The Son of God" (Matthew 16:16) | "The Spirit of God" (Genesis 1:2, 41:38; Exodus 31:3, 35:31; Numbers 24:2; 1 Samuel 10:10, 11:6; 2 Chronicles 15:1, 24:20; Job 27:3, 33:4; Isaiah 61:1; Ezekiel 11:24; Matthew 12:28) | "believers" (Acts 5:14, 10:45, 15:5; 1 Corinthians 14:22; 1 Thessalonians 1:7, 2:10,13; 1 Timothy 4:12, 6:2) |
| "God" in English but "Elohim" in Hebrew (Deuteronomy 4:35) | "God" in English but only "El" in Hebrew (Isaiah 9:6) | Never identified as "God", but "The Spirit of God" | |
| "I AM THAT I AM" / "who was and who is" / "Ehyeh asher Ehyeh" (Exodus 3:14–15; Isaiah 48:12; Revelation 1:8; Revelation 4:8; Revelation 11:17; Revelation 16:5) | (Eternal implied by Revelation 1:17) | "Eternal Spirit" (Hebrews 9:14) | |
| "YHVH" or "Yahweh" or "Jehovah" (Genesis 4:26, Psalm 83:18, 118:27; Isaiah 11:2) translated as "LORD" | "Lord" (never uppercase) | "Spirit of the LORD God" (Isaiah 61:1) | "Lord" (1 Peter 3:6) |
| "LORD my God" / "Adonai Elohim" (Genesis 2:4,7,15,18,21; Genesis 3:1,8,13,21; Exodus 9:30; 2 Samuel 7:25; 2 Kings 19:19; 1 Chronicles 17:16; 2 Chronicles 1:9; 2 Chronicles 6:41; Psalm 72:18; Psalm 84:11; Jonah 4:6) | |||
| "Christ" (Acts 2:36) | "Spirit of Christ" (Romans 8:9; 1 Peter 1:11; Galatians 4:6) | ||
| "Immanuel" (Matthew 1:23, Isaiah 7:14) | |||
| "Holy One of Israel" (2 Kings 19:22; Psalm 71:22, 78:41, 89:18; Proverbs 9:10, 30:3; Isaiah 1:4, 5:19, 5:24, 10:20, 12:6, 17:7, 29:19, 29:23, 30:11-15, 31:1, 37:23, 40:25, 41:14-20, 43:3, 43:14-15, 45:11, 47:4, 48:17, 49:7, 54:5, 55:5, 60:9, 60:14; Jeremiah 50:29, 51:5; Ezekiel 39:7; Hosea 11:9-12; Habakkuk 1:12) | "Holy One" (Mark 1:24; Luke 1:35, 4:34; John 6:69; Acts 2:27, 13:35 quoting Psalm 16:10) | "Holy Spirit" (Psalm 51:11; Isaiah 63:10-13; Matthew 1:18, 3:11, 12:32; Luke 11:13, Ephesians 1:13, Ephesians 4:30, 2 Peter 1:21) | "holy one" (Numbers 16:7; Psalm 106:16) |
| "LORD my Rock" / "Adonai Tsuri v'goali" / "Adonai Sal'i" meaning unmovable justice for salvation (Deuteronomy 32:4; Psalm 18:2; Psalm 19:14 (ESV); 1 Samuel 2:2; 2 Samuel 22:47) | "Cornerstone" meaning "foundation" (Ephesians 2:20, Zechariah 3:9) | ||
| "God Almighty" / "El Shaddai" (Exodus 15:6) | "Breath of the Almighty" (Job 32:8; Job 33:4) | ||
| "Yahweh Yireh" / "Jehovah Jireh" (Genesis 22:2) meaning "God will provide" | |||
| "LORD your God" / "Adonai Eloheikhem" (Leviticus 19:3) | |||
| "LORD Father" / "Adonai Avinu" (Isaiah 64:8, Mark 14:36, 2 Corinthians 1:2-3) | "Spirit of the Father" (Matthew 10:20) | ||
| "LORD Most High God" / "Adonai El Elyon" (Genesis 14:22; Psalm 7:17; Psalm 47:2) | |||
| "LORD God of Israel" / "Adonai Elohei Yisrael" (Isaiah 17:6) | |||
| "LORD who sees" / "Adonai Yir'eh" / "Jehovah Jireh" (Genesis 22:14) | Sees everything (Psalm 139:7-10) | ||
| "LORD your Sanctifier" / "Adonai Mekaddishkhem" (Exodus 31:13) | |||
| "LORD my Miracle/Banner" / "Adonai Nissi" / "Jehovahnissi" (Exodus 17:15) | Source of miracles (Acts 8:18-19) | ||
| "LORD our Maker" / "Adonai Osenu" (Psalm 95:6) | Gives life (Job 33:4, Psalm 104:30) | ||
| "LORD our Righteousness" / "Adonai Tsidkeinu" (Jeremiah 23:6, Jeremiah 33:16) | |||
| "LORD of hosts" / "LORD of armies" / "Adonai Tseva'ot" (Exodus 12:41; 1 Samuel 1:11, 4:4, 15:2, 17:45; 2 Samuel 6:2,18, 7:8,26; 1 Kings 18:15; 2 Kings 3:14; 1 Chronicles 17:7,24; Psalm 24:10, 46:8,12, 48:9, 59:6, 69:7, 80:5,20, 84:2,4,9,13, 89:9; Isaiah 1:9,24, 3:1,15, 5:7; Amos 4:13, 5:14,27, 6:8; Micah 4:4; Nah 2:14, 3:5; Hab 2:13; Zephaniah 2:9; Haggai 1:2,5,7,9,14, 2:4,6,11,23; Zech 1:3,6,12,14; Mal 1:4,6,8,8,13, 2:2,4,7,12,16, 3:1,5,7,10,14,17,19,21) | |||
| "LORD my Shepherd" / "Adonai Ro'i" (Psalm 23:1, Ez 34:2) | |||
| "LORD your healer" / "Adonai Roph'ekha" (Exodus 15:26) | |||
| "The Ancient of Days" (Daniel 7:13) | |||
| "The Alpha and Omega" / "Aleph-Tav"? (Revelation 1:8, 21:6, 22:12) | |||
| The "First and the Last" (Isaiah 41:4, 44:6, 48:12, Revelation 1:8, 21:5-8, 22:13) | The "First and the Last" (Revelation 1:17) | Israeli Kings like David (1 Chronicles 29:29), Josiah (2 Chronicles 35:26-27) | |
| "beginning and end" (Isaiah 41:4, 48:2-3, 48:12; Revelation 1:8, 21:6, 22:12) | |||
| "Helper" (Psalm 30:10) | "Helper" (John 14:16,26; 15:26; 16:7) | ||
| "The Way" (John 10:25; John 14:6) or "door of the sheep" (John 10:7-10) | "Sheep" (Psalm 95:7) | ||
| The "Shepherd" of the Old Testament (Psalm 23:1, Ez 34:2) | The "good Shepherd" of the New Testament (John 10:11-18; Mark 14:27; Zechariah 13:7-8; Hebrews 13:20) | "Sheep" (Psalm 95:7) | |
| Is the "Lamb of God" (John 1:29, 1 Peter 1:19, Revelation 1:17) | |||
| The "Light" (Psalm 27:1; Isaiah 60:1-5,19-20; 1 John 1:5-7) | The "Light" (John 1:5, 3:19, 8:12; 2 Corinthians 4:4) | "light of the world" (Matthew 5:14) | |
| Does not lie (Exodus 34:6; Numbers 23:19; Deuteronomy 7:9; Hebrews 6:18) | The "Truth" (John 10:25; John 14:6) | "Spirit of Truth" (John 14:17; 16:13-14; Numbers 23:19) | |
| Is the "Vinedresser" (John 15:1-9) | Is the "Vine" (John 15:1-9, Zechariah 3:10) | Is the "branches" (John 15:1-9) | |
| "Father of mercies" (2 Corinthians 1:3; 1 Peter 5:10) | "Spirit of Grace" (Zechariah 12:10; Hebrews 10:29) | ||
| Counsel through prophets (2 Chronicles 25:16) | "Counselor" (Isaiah 9:6) | "Spirit of Counsel" (Isaiah 11:2) | |
| "Prince of Peace" (Isaiah 9:6) | "Man of peace" (Psalm 37:37) | ||
| The source of revelations (Revelation 1:1) | "The prophet of the Most High" (Luke 1:76) | Enables prophecies and visions (2 Peter 1:21; Revelation 1:10) | |
| Gives life (John 5:21, Acts 2:24; Romans 4:17; Galatians 1:1) | "The Author of Life" (Acts 3:15; John 14:6) | "Spirit of Life" (Romans 8:2,10) | |
| "The Word" / "Logos" (John 1:1-15, 1 John 1:1-2) | |||
| "The Firstborn" (Romans 8:29; Colossians 1:15,18; Hebrews 1:6; Revelation 1:5) meaning most "the leading child" (Genesis 25:29-34) | |||
| The only wise God (Romans 16:27) | "Spirit of Wisdom and Understanding" (Isaiah 11:2; Ephesians 1:17) | ||
| "Spirit of Knowledge and fear of the LORD" (Isaiah 11:2) | |||
| "God of Glory" (Psalm 29:3; Acts 7:2) | "Spirit of Glory" (1 Peter 4:14) | ||
| "God our Saviour" (1 Timothy 1:1, 2:3, 4:10; Titus 2:10, 3:4; Jude 25) | "Lord our Saviour" (Philippians 3:20; 2 Peter 1:11, 2:20, 3:18; Acts 13:23) | "Moses, the redeemer" (Acts 7:32) |
Attributes
| The Father | The Son | The Spirit | The Humans |
|---|---|---|---|
| Is only one God (Deuteronomy 6:4; Matthew 23:9, Mark 12:29; 1 Corinthians 8:6) | Is one Lord (1 Corinthians 8:6; Ephesians 4:5) | Is one Spirit (1 Corinthians 8:6; Ephesians 4:5) | Multitudes |
| Has a soul (Leviticus 26:11; Isaiah 1:14 (NKJV); Judges 10:16 (NKJV); Psalm 11:5) | Has a soul (Matthew 26:38; Mark 14:34) | - | Has a soul (Genesis 35:18; 1 Kings 17:21-22; Matthew 10:28) |
| Sees everything (Genesis 22:14; Psalm 139:11-12; Jeremiah 23:24; 2 Chronicles 16:9; Matthew 6:6,18) | Sees everything (Psalm 139:7-10) | Limited by our human bodies | |
| Is omnipresent (Psalm 139:7-10; Ephesians 4:6; Revelation 19:6) | Leaving (John 14:2-4, 16:28); Not in the world (John 17:11, 13); Not present (John 11:14-15) | Is omnipresent (Psalm 139:7-10) | Still in the world (John 17:11) |
| Is perfect (Matthew 5:48) | Is imperfect (Luke 2:52; Hebrews 5:8-9) | Is imperfect | |
| Holy (Leviticus 11:44-45, 19:2, 20:26; Joshua 24:19; 1 Samuel 2:2, 6:20; Psalm 29:2; Isaiah 57:15; Hosea 11:9; Habakkuk 1:12; Revelation 4:8, 15:4, 16:5) | Holy as a High Priest (Hebrews 7:26) | Holy (Psalm 51:11, Luke 11:13, Ephesians 1:13, Ephesians 4:30, 2 Peter 1:21) | Called to be holy (1 Peter 1:14-16) |
| Is from the spiritual realm (John 4:24); Not a human (Numbers 23:19) | Has/Had a human body (Mark 15:39; John 8:40; Acts 2:22; Luke 24:39; Romans 5:15; 1 Timothy 2:5; Hebrews 10:12; Acts 17:30-31, Ga 4:4) | The breath of Almighty God (Job 11:7, 32:8, 33:4) | Believers replace the Son's human presence on Earth (1Cor 12:5,12-26) |
| Is immortal (Romans 1:23; 1 Timothy 1:17) | Has died (1 Corinthians 15:1-8; Romans 10:9) | Dies |
Personality and relationships
| The Father | The Son | The Spirit | The Humans |
|---|---|---|---|
| Has emotions (Exodus 34:6; Numbers 14:17; Jonah 4:2) | Has emotions (Psalm 2:12) | Has emotions (Isaiah 63:10; Acts 5:3; Ephesians 4:30; 1 Thessalonians 1:6) | Has emotions |
| One with the Son (John 17:11,22) | One with the Father (John 10:30, 17:11,22) | Is the Father's Spirit (Genesis 6:3; Ezekiel 36:2; Joel 2:27-29 (KJV), Matthew 10:20; Acts 2:17, 5:3-4) | "One" with each other (John 17:11,22-23) |
| Loves the Son (John 10:17, 15:9, 17:23, 17:26), humans (John 3:16, 14:21, 16:27, 17:23; Romans 5:8) | Love humans (John 14:21, 15:9, 15:13) | - | Should love the Son (John 8:42, 16:27), each other (John 13:34-35, 15:12, 15:17) |
| Carries our burden (Psalm 55:22) | Carries our burden (Matthew 11:30) | Helps believers (John 14:16, John 14:26, John 15:26, John 16:7) | Carry each other's burdens (Galatians 6:2; James 2:14-17; Philippians 2:4) |
| Glorifies the Son (John 8:55, 13:32, 17:1, 17:5) | Glorifies the Father (John 17:1,4; Philippians 2:11; 1 Peter 4:11) | Glorifies the Son (John 16:14) | Glorifies the Father (Matthew 5:16); Glorifies the Son (John 17:10) |
| Believers can fellowship with God (1 John 1:3-10) | Believers can fellowship with Christ (1 Corinthians 1:9) | Believers fellowship by the Spirit (2 Corinthians 13:14) | Called to fellowship with God (1 Corinthians 1:9) |
Creation
| The Father | The Son | The Spirit | The Humans |
|---|---|---|---|
| The source of everything (1 Corinthians 8:6; John 1:3) | Made in the image of the Father (John 14:9, Philippians 2:5-6, Col 1:15) | Made in the image of the God (Genesis 1:27,9:6) | |
| Created with his words/will (Genesis 1:3-31; Psalm 33:6, 148:5; Isaiah 45:12,48:13; Jeremiah 32:17; Nehemiah 9:6; Mal 2:10; Romans 4:17; Hebrews 11:3; Revelation 4:11) | Is a creation (Genesis 1:27,9:6; 1 Corinthians 11:9) | ||
| Is the only creator (Isaiah 44:24; 45:12) | He was born (Matthew 1:1,17-18) | ||
| Gives life (Isaiah 42:5; John 5:26) | Gives life (Job 33:4, Psalm 104:30) | ||
| Form babies in womb (Psalm 139:13-14) | Was a baby in the womb (Matthew 1:18; Galatians 4:4) | Made Mary pregnant with a Jesus (Matthew 1:18) | Women gives birth (Genesis 3:16) |
| Provides/Take care of creation (Matthew 6:26, 7:11, 10:29, James 1:17) |
Relationships
| The Father | The Son | Believers |
|---|---|---|
| Is God (Deuteronomy 4:35; Psalm 118:27; John 17:3) | The Father is Jesus' God (John 20:17) | The Father is our God (John 20:17) |
| Is the Father of His Son (John 17:1,5,11,21,24,25; Hebrews 1:5; Ephesians 1:3) | Is the only begotten Son of the Father (1 John 5:20, Psalm 2:7) | Could be adopted by the Father as "Sons of God" (Romans 8:14, Galatians 3:26, Ephesians 1:5) and brothers or sisters of the Son (Matthew 12:50, Mark 3:35, Romans 8:17) |
Authority
| The Father | The Son | The Spirit | Believers |
|---|---|---|---|
| Owns everything, include the Son's (Exodus 19:5; John 17:9) | Received believers from the Father (John 17:9,11,12,24) | Owned by the Father (John 17:9,11,12,24) | |
| Is almighty (Genesis 17:1, 28:3, 35:11, 43:14, 48:3, 49:25; Job 11:7; Luke 1:37) | Receive authority from the Father (Matthew 28:18; Psalm 2:8-12, 45:3-5; Isaiah 42:1-4; John 12:49, 14:10, 17:2 ; Hebrews 1:2-3, 2:7-8; Philippians 2:10-11) | Receive authority from the Father (John 16:13) | Was given authority in the name (authority) of the Son (John 14:13-14, 15:16, 16:23, 16:26) |
| Gives authority to the Son and the Spirit | Gives authority to believers (John 14:13-14, 15:16, 16:23, 16:26) | Anoints and empowers the Son (Acts 10:38) and believers (John 14:26) | - |
| Is the God of all (including His Son) | Serve/Obeys the Father (Isaiah 52:13, 53:11; John 5:19) | Serve/Obeys the Father (John 16:13) | Serves the Son (and the Father via the Son) |
| Sent the Son and Spirit | Sent by the Father (John 3:16-18, 17:3,8,18,21,23,25) | Sent by the Father (John 15:26) | Sent by Jesus (John 17:18, 20:21) |
| Creation should only serve ("worship") God (Exodus 20:4; Deuteronomy 6:13, 10:20; 1 Samuel 7:4; John 4:23) | Instruct to serve ("worship") only God (Matthew 4:10; Luke 4:8) | Enable believers to worship (John 4:24; Philippians 3:3) | Give honour ("worship") to Jesus (Matthew 2:11, 8:2, 9:18, 14:33, 15:25, 20:20, 28:9,16; Mark 5:6; Luke 24:52; John 9:38), but served ("worship") God (John 4:23; Acts 24:14; 1 Corinthians 14:25; Hebrews 12:28) |
Salvation
| The Father | The Son | The Spirit | The Humans |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Father do not have to repent (Numbers 23:19) | Was baptized (Matthew 3:13-17) | Descended at Jesus' baptism (Matthew 3:16; John 1:32) and renew believers at Baptism (Acts 2:38; John 3:5-8; Romans 8:1-30) | Need repentance (2 Chronicles 7:14; Psalm 32:1-2; Proverbs 28:13; 1 John 1:9) and baptism (John 3:5) |
| Redeem His people (Exodus 15:13; Psalm 77:15; Isaiah 44:24) | For the law of the Spirit sets free (Romans 8:2) | ||
| Forgives sin (Exodus 34:7; Numbers 14:17, Matthew 6:14-15) | Forgives sin (Mark 2:10) | Forgive each other (Matthew 6:14-15; Mark 11:25; John 20:23; Romans 12:17-21) | |
| Repay according to works (Job 34:10-11; Matthew 6:1) | Will judge everyone (Isaiah 42:1; Matthew 10:32-33; Matthew 16:27; John 5:22; 1 John 2:1) | Will be judged according to our lives in this world | |
| Adopts believers (Psalm 68:5) | Accepts believers as brothers or sisters (Matthew 12:50, Romans 8:17) | Witness that believers were adopted (Romans 8:16) | Gets adopted by the Father (Psalm 68:5) |
| Guard believers (Isaiah 43:2; John 17:11,15) | Guarded believers while he was on earth (John 17:12) | Guarded by the Father (Isaiah 43:2; John 17:11,15) |
Life
| The Father | The Son | The Spirit |
|---|---|---|
| Can heal (Exodus 15:26) | Can heal (John 4:46-54, 5:8-9) | Enable gift of healing (1 Corinthians 12:9) |
| Strengthen believers (Isaiah 40:31, 41:10; Romans 15:5) through His Spirit (Ephesians 3:16) | Strengthen believers (Philippians 4:13; 1 Timothy 1:12) | Strengthen believers (Judges 14:5-6, 14:19-20, 15:14-20; Acts 1:8) |
| Revive the dead (John 5:21; Romans 4:17) | Revive the dead (John 5:21) | |
| Is the source of life (John 5:26) | Granted to give life (John 5:26) | |
| Revived Jesus (Acts 2:24; Hebrew 13:20; Galatians 1:1) | - | Revived Jesus (1 Peter 3:18) |
Communication and knowledge
| The Father | The Son | The Spirit | Believers |
|---|---|---|---|
| Knows everything (Genesis 22:14; Psalm 139:1-6; Isaiah 40:13, 42:9; 48:5; Matthew 6:8,32) | Limited knowledge (Matthew 24:36; John 7:16, John 14:24) | Knows only what the Father reveal (John 16:13; 1 Corinthians 2:10; 2 Peter 1:21) | Know only what the Son reveals (John 17:26) or the Spirit reveals (John 14:25, 16:14; 2 Peter 1:21) |
| Knows the Son (Matthew 11:27; Luke 10:22; John 10:15), humans (Isaiah 43:1; Jeremiah 1:5; Psalm 91:14; Psalm 139:1; Matthew 6:8, 10:30) | Knows the Father (Matthew 11:27; Luke 10:22; John 10:15, 17:25), believers (John 10:3,14-15) | Knows the Father (1 Corinthians 2:10-11) | Knows the Father by revelation of the Son (Matthew 11:27; Luke 10:22; John 14:6), the Son (John 10:14) |
| The source of revelations (Revelation 1:1) | Receive revelations from the Father (Revelation 1:1) | Enables prophecies and visions (2 Peter 1:21; Revelation 1:10) | Can prophecy by the Spirit |
| Instructed by the Spirit (Matthew 4:1, Mark 1:12, Luke 4:1-2) | Instructs Jesus and believers | Are instructed by the Spirit (Galatians 5:18; 1 Corinthians 2:13) | |
| Sent the Spirit (John 15:26) | Is filled by the Spirit of the Father (Isaiah 11:1-2, Matthew 3:16, John 10:38, John 12:49, John 14:10, 2 Co 5:19) | - | Needs to be filled by the Spirit of the Son (Ga 4:7, Romans 8:10) |
| The Father is "in" the Son (John 10:38, 17:21, 17:23) | The Son is "in" the Father (John 10:38, 17:21) and also "in" believers (John 17:10,21,23,26) | The Spirit is "from" the Father (Matthew 10:20; Luke 24:49) | Are "injected into" the Son's body (John 15:1-9; 17:21; 17:23; Romans 8:1, Galatians 3:26) |
| The Father communicates with us via His Son (1 John 5:11-20) | The Son is our mediator (John 14:6, 17:9) | - | Pray to the Father |
| Gave the word to the Son (John 17:6-8,17) | Gave the word of the Father to the people (John 17:6-8,14) | Is the word of Christ (Colossians 3:16) | Keep the word of the Father given by the Son (John 17:6-8) |
| - | Pray to the Father (John 17:1) | Intercedes (Romans 8:26-27) | Pray to the Father |